Excavation is a hole made in the earth using heavy equipment, examples being the bulldozers and backhoes. The hole made can be in concrete or just land. The local concrete excavation is where excavation in a local area is made by licensed contractors. The area can be offered the excavating services by a person or a company. A person can also buy an excavator at an affordable price. The excavator can be a new one or one that has been used before. If a person buys an already used excavator, then the price will be much lower as compared to a new one. Local concrete excavation is often carried out in many areas to make buildings and infrastructure construction easier. These projects include; commercial, residential, infrastructure or utilities. Excavation is usually done so as to construct basements, driveways, foundations, parking lots, roads and more. Paving is where one uses concrete, metal or even porous material to make a good drainage system. Paving can be done on the parking lot, one's garden, on the streets, driveways and in subways. Paving is also made for air to flow freely in an enclosed building. The paving can be done using cement, marbles, bricks, gravel or even slab. When one wants to construct a pavement one has to see if it is a pedestrian and automotive traffic flow. A person has to also check if it is a delivery zone, dumpsters, exits and entrances and also the drainage. When excavating cement, which when dry is a hard material, one needs to use a powerful excavator. Most buildings are constructed using cement which binds the concrete or stones used. Masonry is the act of constructing a building using stone, concrete and even steel. Masonry is also the building, people who are involved, the items and heavy equipment used.